Hexagram 48: Jing -

The Well
Computing
The BBS Node's Message Base

The BBS Node's Message Base

Ward Christensen & Randy Suess (1978)

In 1978, Christensen and Suess built CBBS—the first bulletin board system—running on a CP/M machine connected to a phone line. The system wasn't about cutting-edge technology. It was about creating infrastructure. A message board that stayed constant while everything around it changed: computers upgraded, users cycled through, software evolved. But the well remained. You dialed in with your 300-baud modem, the handshake screeched through, and there it was: the message base. Always available. Sysops maintained it, refreshed the boards, purged old messages, but the structure persisted. New users found help files, old-timers posted wisdom, everyone drew from the same communal source. The BBS wasn't about novelty—it was about being there, consistently, offering what people needed: connection, information, community. Cities changed, administrations changed, but the well stayed in the same place.

Practical Integration

You're building infrastructure. Not the flashy stuff—infrastructure. The thing that needs to be there tomorrow, next year, when everything else has changed. Here's what this probably means: two dangers from the classical text. Going down almost to the water but the rope doesn't reach—superficial effort that doesn't hit the real foundation. Or the jug breaks—careless maintenance that destroys what you've built. The BBS sysop knows this. You can't just set it up and walk away. You have to maintain it. But you also can't over-control it—the value comes from the community using it, not from your personal genius. Here's the thing about wells: they're not about individual achievement. You build the thing, maintain the thing, and then—crucially—you let people use it. Your job is to keep the water clean and the structure sound. Their job is to draw what they need. The well doesn't run dry because people use it. It runs dry when maintenance fails or when it's not being used at all. Build it right. Maintain it consistently. Let it serve its purpose. That's the pattern.

References & Citations

  1. CBBS - Wikipedia
  2. Ward Christensen - Wikipedia
  3. Ward Christensen Founds the Computerized Bulletin Board System - History of Information
  4. Social Media's Dial-Up Ancestor: The Bulletin Board System - IEEE Spectrum

The Judgment

The Well. You can change the village but not the well. It neither decreases nor increases. They come and go and draw from the well. If the rope doesn't reach the water, or the jug breaks, misfortune.

jǐngthe well
gǎito change
the town
is not
gǎito change
jǐngthe well
neither
sànglosing
nor
gaining
wǎngin
láior coming
jǐngthe well
jǐngis the well
to almost
zhìreach
and but then
wèito fall
rope
jǐngthe well('s)
léior to break
its
píngbucket
xiōngunfortunate

The Image

Water over wood: the image of the Well. The superior man encourages people in their work and teaches them how to help each other.

the wood
shàngover
yǒuis
shuǐthe water
jǐngthe well
jūnnoble
young one
accordingly
láoworks
mínthe people
quànto encourage
xiāngeach other

The Lines (爻辭)

Line 1井泥不食舊井無禽

jǐngthe well('s)
mud
is not
shíconsumed
jiùthe old
jǐngwell
with
qínto hunt for

Line 2井谷射鮒甕敝漏

jǐngthe well
is empty
shèaim
the fish
wèngits earthen bucket
is cracked
lòuand leaking

Line 3井渫不食為我心惻可用汲王明並受其福

jǐngthe well is
xièturbid
but nothing
shíis consumed
wéimaking
our
xīnheart(s)
sad
it is suitable
yòngto use
and to draw
wángwere the sovereign
míngmade clear
bìngall
shòureceive
in
enrichment

Line 4井甃無咎

jǐngthe well is being
zhòure- lined
no
jiùblame

Line 5井洌寒泉食

jǐngthe well
lièis
háncold
quánspring
shíto drink

Line 6井收勿幕有孚元吉

jǐngas
shōucomes in
do not
cover
yǒubeing
true
yuánis most
promising

Historical Context

Oracle Bone Script

Water (☵) sits above, Wood (☴) sits below—water drawn up from wooden well.

Period

Zhou Dynasty

Traditional Use

The well is the village's inexhaustible source. Dynasties change, villages move, but the well remains. It nourishes everyone who draws from it without being depleted. The classical teaching: maintain the well, keep it clear, and it serves indefinitely.

Character Analysis

The character 井 (jǐng) depicts a well—the framework, the walls, the opening. The well's structure makes the water accessible. Without the well-frame, the underground water remains out of reach. This is the principle: the source exists, but useful access requires careful construction.

Configuration

Lower Trigram

Wind

Upper Trigram

Water

Binary

011010

Energy State

Wood growing upward into water—water drawn from depth to surface. The well structure brings the source to those who need it. Yang in the center of the upper trigram shows the true nourishment available.

Trigram Symbolism

☵ Water (Upper) - Depth, source, nourishment ☴ Wood (Lower) - Growth, penetration, upward movement Wood rises to meet water descending—the well's function realized.

For the classical Wilhelm translation and line-by-line commentary, see Wilhelm Translation.