水道

第48卦 井(Jing)

Fine Art
Giovanni Battista Piranesi — Aqueduct of Nero

Giovanni Battista Piranesi — Aqueduct of Nero

Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1775)

皮拉内西画了罗马的水道桥遗址。一千多年了,拱门还在那里。

Practical Integration

一个拱门,又一个拱门,又一个拱门。皮拉内西十八世纪刻这幅版画,画的是罗马郊外的克劳狄亚水道桥——古罗马人建的,从四十公里外的山泉引水到城里。现在只剩下拱门了,石头已经风化,但结构还在。羊在旁边吃草,人在旁边坐着,好像那些拱门一直都在那里。 「井,改邑不改井,无丧无得。」井卦说的是:村子可以搬,井不能搬。来来去去都是那口井。井是不变的,但用井的人要小心——「汔至亦未繘井,羸其瓶,凶。」打水打到一半,绳子不够长,瓶子翻了,凶。功亏一篑的意思。 《象》曰:「木上有水,井。君子以劳民劝相。」木头做的桶,打水上来。皮拉内西那些水道桥,古罗马人花了几十年建的,建好之后供水供了几百年。现在水没有了,但拱门还在。井不变,人会变。那些打水的人都死了,那些建水道的人也死了。只有井留下来,等着下一个人来打水。这是井的道理——它比你活得久。

References & Citations

  1. Aqueduct of Nero — Giovanni Battista Piranesi-1775. Piranesi was an 18th-century Italian architect and printmaker who documented Roman ruins. This etching shows the remains of Aqua Claudia, an ancient aqueduct bringing water from mountain springs to Rome. The structure represents infrastructure that draws water from a distant source and distributes it to the city, relating to hexagram 48's image of the well.

The Judgment

井。改邑不改井,无丧无得。往来井井。汔至亦未繘井,羸其瓶,凶。

jǐngthe well
gǎito change
the town
is not
gǎito change
jǐngthe well
neither
sànglosing
nor
gaining
wǎngin
láior coming
jǐngthe well
jǐngis the well
to almost
zhìreach
and but then
wèito fall
rope
jǐngthe well('s)
léior to break
its
píngbucket
xiōngunfortunate

The Image

木上有水,井;君子以劳民劝相。

the wood
shàngover
yǒuis
shuǐthe water
jǐngthe well
jūnnoble
young one
accordingly
láoworks
mínthe people
quànto encourage
xiāngeach other

The Lines (爻辭)

Line 1井泥不食舊井無禽

jǐngthe well('s)
mud
is not
shíconsumed
jiùthe old
jǐngwell
with
qínto hunt for

Line 2井谷射鮒甕敝漏

jǐngthe well
is empty
shèaim
the fish
wèngits earthen bucket
is cracked
lòuand leaking

Line 3井渫不食為我心惻可用汲王明並受其福

jǐngthe well is
xièturbid
but nothing
shíis consumed
wéimaking
our
xīnheart(s)
sad
it is suitable
yòngto use
and to draw
wángwere the sovereign
míngmade clear
bìngall
shòureceive
in
enrichment

Line 4井甃無咎

jǐngthe well is being
zhòure- lined
no
jiùblame

Line 5井洌寒泉食

jǐngthe well
lièis
háncold
quánspring
shíto drink

Line 6井收勿幕有孚元吉

jǐngas
shōucomes in
do not
cover
yǒubeing
true
yuánis most
promising

Historical Context

Oracle Bone Script

水(☵)坐在上面,巽(☴)坐在下面——从井中汲取的水。

Period

周朝

Traditional Use

井是村庄的无尽源泉。朝代改变,村庄移动,但井保持。它滋养每个从中汲取的人而不枯竭。经典教导:维护井,保持清洁,它无限期服务。

Character Analysis

汉字井(jǐng)描绘井——框架、墙壁、开口。井的结构使水可访问。没有井框架,地下水仍然遥不可及。这是原则:源泉存在,但有用的访问需要仔细构建。

Configuration

Lower Trigram

Upper Trigram

Binary

011010

Energy State

巽向上生长进入水——水从深处被汲取到表面。井结构将源泉带给需要它的人。上卦中心的阳显示可用的真正滋养。

Trigram Symbolism

☵ 水(上)——深度,源泉,滋养 ☴ 巽(下)——生长,渗透,向上运动 巽上升与水下降相遇——井的功能实现。