大火

第30卦 離(Li)

The Clinging
Fine Art
J.M.W. Turner — The Burning of the Houses of Parliament

J.M.W. Turner — The Burning of the Houses of Parliament

J.M.W. Turner (1834)

透纳画了国会大厦着火。火照在泰晤士河上。

Practical Integration

1834年10月16日晚上,伦敦国会大厦烧起来。透纳跑到河对岸去看,在速写本上画了很多张。后来变成油画——火焰是橙色的,倒影是橙色的,天空也是橙色的。分不清哪里是火,哪里是火的影子。整个画面在燃烧。 「离」,火在上,火在下。两个火叠在一起。但火不能自己烧,它要附在东西上面——木头、布、纸、油。卦辞说:「利贞,亨。畜牝牛,吉。」母牛?跟火有什么关系?火太猛了,要用柔顺的东西来配合。承认依附,培养柔顺,便得明而不烈。透纳那幅画,火在烧国会大厦,水在映照火。火和水,刚和柔,互相照见。 《象》曰:「明两作,离。大人以继明照于四方。」两个光明相连,大人要让光明延续。但透纳画的火照亮了什么?照亮了一座正在毁灭的建筑。几百年的议会传统,一晚上烧掉了。光明不一定是好事。有时候光明是灾难,是结束,是你只能站在对岸看着的东西。这也是明。

References & Citations

  1. The Burning of the Houses of Parliament — J.M.W. Turner-1834. Turner witnessed the 1834 fire that destroyed much of the Palace of Westminster and painted multiple versions of the event. The paintings show intense flames reflected in the Thames, with crowds gathered on the riverbank. The imagery of fire and its reflections connects to the hexagram's doubled fire trigram, representing clinging and illumination—the way light both reveals and depends on what it attaches to.

The Judgment

离。利贞。亨。畜牝牛,吉。——牛代表温柔、滋养、小心照料维持火的东西。

arising
worth
zhēnthe persistence
hēngfulfillment
chùto care for
pìnfemale
niúthe cows
is promising

The Image

明两作,离。大人以继明照于四方。——火必须附,但可以选择附在乜——愤怒定是清晰、绝望定是目的。

míngclarity
liǎngtwice
zuòmanifests
arising
the mature
rénhuman being
accordingly
is
míngin clarifying
zhàoand illuminating
in
all four
fāngdirections

The Lines (爻辭)

Line 1履錯然敬之無咎

taking steps
cuòmixed up
ránbut so
jìngto respect
zhīfor
and no
jiùblame

Line 2黃離元吉

huánggolden
radiance
yuánmost
promising

Line 3日昃之離不鼓缶而歌則大耋之嗟凶

the sun
declines
zhīin
radiance
not
drumming
fǒuclay
érand
singing
leads to
much
diéold age
zhī's
jiēlament
xiōngunfortunate

Line 4突如其來如焚如死如棄如

sudden
so
one's
láiarrival
seems
féna ablaze
so
mortal
so
soon forgotten
so

Line 5出涕沱若戚嗟若吉

chūissuing
tears
tuórunning water
ruòlike
grief
jiēand lament
ruòsuch
promising

Line 6王用出征有嘉折首獲匪其醜無咎

wángthe sovereign
yònguses
chūissues
zhēngto expedite
yǒuthere are
jiācommendations
zhéand severed
shǒuheads
huòthe captives
fěiare not
of
chǒucategory
no
jiùblame

Historical Context

Oracle Bone Script

在甲骨文,离描绘一只雀(可能是野鸡)在网或陷阱附近,暗示美丽但依赖的东西,必须附着先至生存的东西。

Period

周代

Traditional Use

到周代,这个字来代表火的本质性质:他无法独自存在,但必须附在他消耗的东西。

Character Analysis

离卦意谓『附在东西』、『受制约』、『依赖或依靠东西』,同埋『光辉』。火无固定形式但附在燃烧物体,因此光辉。

Configuration

Lower Trigram

离(火)

Upper Trigram

离(火)

Binary

101101

Energy State

依赖燃料的光辉,需要附着的美。阴中心被阳拥抱。

Trigram Symbolism

☲ 离(上)— 附,光辉,次女,火 ☲ 离(下)— 附,光辉,次女,火 火加倍:暗线附在两条光线,一个在上一个在下。